https://www.knmi.nl/research/observations-data-technology/projects/rainfall-estimation-using-commercial-cellular-communication-link-networks
Microwave links in cellular communication networks are employed to transfer data from the antenna of one telephone tower to the antenna of another one. Although these links have not been designed to measure rainfall, they can be used to estimate the rainfall intensity between the telephone towers. The basic principle is as follows. Rainfall attenuates the electromagnetic signals transmitted from one telephone tower to another. By measuring the received power at one end of a microwave link as a function of time, the path-integrated attenuation due to rainfall can be calculated, which can be converted to average rainfall intensities over the length of a link1. The attenuation becomes larger for an increasing number and size of raindrops present along the link. These received powers are often already stored by telecommunication companies to monitor the stability of their connections.
References
2. Overeem, A., Leijnse, H., Uijlenhoet, R. Two and a half years of country-wide rainfall maps using radio links from commercial cellular telecommunication networks, 2016b. Water Resources Research, 52.
3. Overeem, A., Leijnse, H., Uijlenhoet, R. Retrieval algorithm for rainfall mapping from microwave links in a cellular communication network, 2016a. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 9, 2425-2444.
4.The RAINLINK software
3. Overeem, A., Leijnse, H., Uijlenhoet, R. Retrieval algorithm for rainfall mapping from microwave links in a cellular communication network, 2016a. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 9, 2425-2444.
4.The RAINLINK software
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